ISAIAH BERLIN was born in Riga, now the capital of Latvia, in 1909. When he was six, his family moved to Russia; there, in 1917, in Petrograd, he witnessed both revolutions—Social Democratic and Bolshevik. In 1921 he and his parents went to England, and he was educated at St. Paul’s School, London, and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. At Oxford he was a Fellow of All Souls, a Fellow of New College, professor of social and political theory, and founding president of Wolfson College. He also held the presidency of the British Academy. His main published works are Karl Marx, Russian Thinkers, Concepts and Categories, Against the Current, Personal Impressions, The Crooked Timber of Humanity, The Sense of Reality, The Proper Study of Mankind, The Roots of Romanticism, The Power of Ideas, Three Critics of the Enlightenment, Freedom and Its Betrayal, Liberty, The Soviet Mind, Political Ideas in the Romantic Age, and four volumes of letters, the final volume of which, Affirming: Letters 1975–1997, was published in 2015. As an exponent of the history of ideas he was awarded the Erasmus, Lippincott, and Agnelli Prizes; he also received the Jerusalem Prize for his lifelong defense of civil liberties. He died in 1997.
- The Best American Essays 2015 (p. 220). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Kindle Edition.
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